Low Impact Development for Stormwater Quantity and Quality
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Low impact development, also known as LID, is an innovative stormwater management approach modeled after nature. This chapter provides information and case studies on the use of standards to model and design sustainable stormwater LID measures. Modeling requirements and various models that can be used to analyze and design LID measures are described. The benefits of LID measures for effective stormwater management are demonstrated using examples. The chapter also provides information on the latest sustainable design standards for urban stormwater management and construction of green stormwater infrastructure. A Washington, D.C., case study is presented to illustrate the implementation of these design standards. Modeling results that quantify the LID benefits in terms of stormwater quantity and quality are presented. The chapter includes an example of using USEPA's (2009) Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to quantify the stormwater quantity and quality benefits of a rain garden bioretention system.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it