Bibliographic record
Abstract
L yme disease is the most common tick-borne infection in the United States, with more than 12,000 cases reported annually (1).The disease is characterized by a rash (erythema migrans) and various systemic (nervous, cardiac and musculoskeletal) manifestations; clinical manifestations of Lyme disease were reviewed recently (2).Most cases of Lyme disease in the United Sates are reported from the northeastern, mid-Atlantic and upper north central states, and from a part of northwest California.Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, and it is transmitted by the deer tick Ixodes scapularis in the eastern and mid-western states, and Ixodes pacificus in the Pacific coast states.Transmission occurs primarily through bites acquired during the nymphal stage of the life cycle of the ticks, which feed predominantly in the late spring and early summer.Two vaccines that protect against Lyme disease have been developed; one has been licensed for use in Canada recently.Answers to common questions about the Lyme disease vaccine follow. IS LYME DISEASE PRESENT IN CANADA?Lyme disease is not common in Canada.Although it is not a reportable disease in most provinces, less than 30 cases are reported each year (3).In Canada, Lyme disease can be acquired in areas where the tick vector is well established.More than half of the cases of Lyme disease from these areas, and virtually all of the cases from nonendemic areas, can be linked epidemiologically to travel to a highly endemic area of the United States.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.106 | 0.049 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".