An Investigation of Older Korean Immigrants' Perspectives on Accessing Primary Health Care Services
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the issues related to primary care access by older (aged 60 years and older) Korean immigrants to Canada. As many elderly are managing ongoing chronic health conditions as part of their everyday lives, issues of access to health services are particularly important. The aim of the study is to generate insights to assist health care professionals to understand the nature of the challenges and issues older Korean immigrants face when seeking health care and how they resolve them. Methods: The study employed the methodology of interpretive description. Interview data were gathered from 10 older Korean immigrants (mean of age =71.5 years). Five of the participants were male and five were female. Open-ended interviews and field notes were used to collect data. Findings: The findings revealed that older Korean immigrants have had difficulty gaining access to appropriate primary health care services because of language and social barriers. Such barriers resulted in an inappropriate use of primary care services and contributed to delay in health care services and lack of continuity in service delivery. Also, primary health care was often unresponsive to the health care needs of older Korean immigrants. Conclusions: This study offers insights to assist health care professionals to understand the nature of the challenges and issues older Korean immigrants face when seeking health care and how they resolve them. Describing this phenomenon has provided some insights to propose interventions that respect the older Korean immigrants’ values and improve their access to primary health care. The insights from this exploratory study give some preliminary direction to health care professionals as they provide care that respect and support the older Korean immigrants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".