ROLE OF PROSTAGLANDIN TRANSPORTER IN PROSTAGLANDIN E2 INDUCED COLONIC EPITHELIAL BARRIER ALTERATIONS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important pro‐inflammatory lipid mediator that is produced in excess during inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). It exerts its action by signaling via four different EP receptor subtypes. In this study, we determine the role of EP4 receptor in the alteration of epithelial barrier functions. Screening for EP4 receptor expression in human colonic resection tissues (IBD patient vs. healthy control) revealed differential receptor expression/localization. EP4 receptors were normally localized on epithelial apical plasma membranes whereas; they were diffusely expressed throughout the cells from patients with IBD. To check how PGE2 is transported across colonic cells towards apical EP4 receptors, we probed for Prostaglandin Transporters (PGT) in human colonic epithelial cells. T84 monolayer modestly expressed PGT protein which increased 2‐fold following TNF‐a stimulation. A corresponding increase in the trans epithelial transport of 3H‐PGE2 was also observed. Moreover, EP4 receptor specific agonist caused a steep decrease in the Trans Epithelial Resistance (TER) of T84 monolayer indicating a loss of barrier function. Alteration in TER is associated with exclusive changes in the localization of a tight junction protein, Claudin4. Taken together, these studies unravel a complex mechanism whereby PGT play role in PGE2 induced alteration of colonic epithelial barrier function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".