Fluid flow and Smad2 affects the response of vascular endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) have been observed to respond to fluid flow and shear stress by activating different signalling molecules both in vitro and in vivo. An important example of these flow-activated molecules is Smad2. Smad2 is a signalling molecule and transcription factor that has shown to be indispensable for the maintenance of vascular integrity. The aim of this study was to understand the effect of shear stress and Smad2 knockdown on endothelial gene expression. HAEC were transfected with Smad2 siRNA, and exposed to steady laminar shear stress (10 dyne/cm2). Our results showed that Smad2 siRNA and shear stress significantly up-regulated genes involved in atherosclerosis, heart dysfunction, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, Smad2 siRNA had a negative impact on athero-protective genes under static conditions. This is the first reported Smad2 siRNA gene expression profile of endothelial cells. Our findings suggest that Smad2 may a have a protective role against cardiovascular diseases.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".