Hindu Nationalism in Action: The Bharatiya Janata Party and Indian Politics
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
India went to the polls in a general election in AprilÀMay 2014.The prime ministerial candidate of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Narendra Modi, was pitted against Rahul Gandhi (great-grandson of India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru), who led India's long-standing party of government, the Indian National Congress, which had headed a coalition government over the previous ten years.Mr. Modi was a controversial figure because, as chief minister of the state of Gujarat (2001À14), he had been in charge of a government that was widely considered to have been responsible for the deaths of many Muslims in 2002 in the most serious outbreak of violence between Hindus and Muslims that independent India had experienced.The events of that year have been described as a 'pogrom'.But, drawing on his considerable rhetorical skills, 1 and the reputation he had established for the success of the Gujarat 'Model for Development', as he called it, 2 Modi successfully projected himself as capable of delivering on the promise of national economic development after what were represented as years of stagnation and corruption under the Congress.Christophe Jaffrelot, in his contribution to this special issue, refers to the description of Gujarat's economic success under Modi as 'miraculous'.This panegyric was suggested by Arvind Panagariya, professor of economics at Columbia University and appointed as the first vice chairman of the NITI Aayog, which has now replaced the Planning Commission 3 (a change discussed in her article here by Mitu Sengupta).The promise of rapid economic development, together with the idea that he would promote 'Minimum Government, Maximum Governance' (discussed in this collection by Sanjay Ruparelia), was a message that was very successfully projected to the electorate, via Modi's own speeches across the country and through a skilful use of media, including social media.This effort was massively funded by major corporate groups.The BJP campaign was focused around Modi and resembled that of an American presidential candidate in a way that had never happened before in India.It was supported by the extent of the control exercised by the BJP over a significant fraction of the media.In the event, Modi won an extraordinary victory.The Congress was reduced to a small rump in the new parliament, and for the first time in a quarter of a century, a single party secured an absolute majority in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian parliament.This confounded the expectations of many astute observers who had reckoned that the coalition arrangements entered into by strongly-supported regional political parties would continue to 1 Modi's rhetorical skills are widely applauded in the press, but not recognised by all.It has also been said that he reverts to rustic sarcasm in a way that is unbecoming of a national leader (Andrew Wyatt, personal communication, 10 July 2015). 2'How did Gujarat Emerge as a Model for Development?' [http://www.narendramodi.in/how-did-gujaratemerge-as-a-model-for-development,accessed 7 July 2015).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it