Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canada is a poster child for the “golden age” of economic growth and social transformation that occurred in the three decades following the Second World War. Blessed with a (mostly) booming economy, the country embraced a range of human rights and social welfare legislation, making it possible for more Canadians to access political power and material well-being. No longer taking their cue from Great Britain, Canadians began to develop a distinct – if discordant – national voice and engaged in lively discussions on how to accommodate the overwhelming influence of the United States. Optimism about the future began to fade in the 1970s under the pressure of economic crises and centrifugal forces, but Canada remained a beacon of hope for people around the world struggling to survive in a steadily shrinking “global village.” THE RIGHTS REVOLUTION The movement for human rights, expressed in various ways for more than two centuries, coalesced in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations in December 1948. Penned with the assistance of Canadian legal scholar John Humphrey, the declaration asserted that everyone, “without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status,” was entitled to life, liberty, and security; to freedom of speech, thought, and assembly; and to “security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood.”
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.024 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".