Hydrogen Solubility of Magnetron Co-Sputtered FCC and BCC PdCuAu Thin Films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Palladium–copper–gold (PdCuAu) ternary alloy membranes are promising alternatives to pure palladium for the purpose of hydrogen separation processes. In the current work, PdCuAu ternary alloys were prepared by magnetron cosputtering deposition. All as-deposited samples showed face-centered cubic (fcc) structure in the composition range of study: 30 ≤ [Pd] ≤ 100, 0 ≤ [Cu] ≤ 66, and 0 ≤ [Au] ≤ 6 (in at%). The body-centered cubic (bcc) phase was prepared from the fcc samples by annealing for 4 h at 400 °C under Ar and was identified in alloys with Pd content between 40 and 46 at%. The hydrogen solubility was evaluated for both fcc and bcc phases using an electrochemical method and an electrochemical in situ X-ray diffraction method, respectively. The alloys’ hydrogen solubility increases with the lattice parameter and palladium content, and decreases with crystallite size and phase transition to bcc. In the same range of composition, the hydrogen solubility of the fcc and bcc phases vary in the same way with palladium content, suggesting that the latter factor is an important determinant of the hydrogen solubility in each phase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".