Relative lack of β1‐subunit‐mediated regulation of BK <sub>Ca</sub> in cremaster arteriolar smooth muscle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relationships between membrane potential (Em) and myogenic tone in skeletal muscle and cerebral arteries suggest differences in the role of BK Ca . To test this idea, whole cell K + currents were measured by patch clamp. At 5 μM Ca 2+ , cremaster smooth muscle cells (SMC) showed lower current density compared to cerebral SMC (34.5±1.9 vs 45.5±1.7 pA pF‐1 at +70mV; p < 0.05). The selective inhibitor, iberiotoxin (0.1 μM), revealed the differences in K + current to be due to BK Ca . 17β‐Estradiol, reported to act via the BK Ca β‐subunit, caused greater enhancement of K + current in cerebral SMC compared to those of cremaster. The α subunit‐selective BK Ca opener, NS1619, exerted similar effects in both types of SMC. Spontaneously transient outward currents (STOCs) were more evident and occurred at more negative Em in cerebral SMC. Also consistent with decreased STOC activity in cremaster SMC was an absence of Ca 2+ sparks (0/76 cells) relative to cerebral SMC (76/105 cells). Measurements of mRNA and protein indicated a higher ratio of BK Ca β:α‐subunit expression in cerebral SMC. The data suggest that decreased activity of BK Ca in cremaster SMC is due in part to a relative lack β‐subunit regulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".