Ecological risk assessment for a mine pit lake, Nevada, USA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Closure of an open pit gold mine in central Nevada, USA, will result in cessation of dewatering at the mine and formation of a pit lake. The future pit lake will occur in a desert shrub community and have no surface water inflows or outflows. An ecological risk assessment far the pit lake was conducted as part of an environmental impact statement required for expansion of mine facilities. Because the pit lake does not yet exist, ecological risks were estimated from the results of predictive water quality models and measurement of chemical concentrations in the rock wall of the pit. The exposure of birds and mammals to individual metals through food and water ingestion was estimated on the basis of concentrations of metals in water and bioconcentration factors and through sediment ingestion was estimated from concentrations of metals in wall rock. Exposure estimates, which were expressed as daily rates of intake of individual metals, were compared to no-effects and lowest-effects doses reported in the literature for those metals. Results of the risk assessment demonstrated minimal risks to dabbling ducks from exposure to zinc and no risk to other wildlife from chemical exposures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".