Risk factors for the use of macrolide and fluoroquinolone antimicrobials by human populations in Canada 2000-2006
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multivariable linear and negative binomial models were produced to assess relationships among socioeconomic and influenza rate data with the use of macrolide and fluoroquinolone antimicrobials by Canadians. Varying results were found both among and between the macrolide and fluoroquinolone groups; however, a pattern of accessibility to care was apparent. Cheaper antimicrobials were used most often in the most disadvantaged populations, and more expensive antimicrobials were used most frequently in advantaged populations. Significant interactions were found between influenza and socioeconomic variables relating to unemployment, education, and degree of poverty in a population. Results suggest that antimicrobials are being prescribed and consumed at inappropriate rates in both disadvantaged and affluent populations in Canada. In order to reduce antimicrobial use and the further development of antimicrobial resistance in Canada, we suggest that responsible antimicrobial stewardship be practiced and promoted by all physicians in community and hospital settings, particularly during the influenza season.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".