The Effects of Ethical Leadership, Servant Leadership and Leader-Member Exchange on Compulsory Citizenship Behaviors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p>In the last three decades, there are numerous studies have been done that investigate some extra role behaviors, their antecedents, and consequences. Although their beneficial effects are widely accepted, some recent studies indicate that extra role behaviors have not always voluntary nature i.e. compulsory citizenship behavior. Instead, the studies stress that sometimes extra-role behaviors are a product of pressure. Right at this point, compulsory citizenship behavior-the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior-appear in the management field. Despite the importance of this construct in terms of its potential negative effects, interestingly, there are limited researches in the literature. In this context, after a literature review on the concept of compulsory citizenship behavior, this study provides a theoretical framework on some rarely studied predictors i.e., ethical leadership, servant leadership, leader-member exchange. Managerial and further research implications are provided.</p>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".