Abstract 464: Exercise Restores Impaired Resistance Vessel Function in Hypothalamic Hypoestrogenic Premenopausal Women in Association With Increased Resting Cardiac Output and Decreased Systemic Vascular Resistance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the hemodynamic effects of an acute bout of exercise on previous findings of impaired resistance vessel function in physically active premenopausal women with hypothalamic hypoestrogenemia (ExHH). Methods: Two groups of similarly trained recreationally active premenopausal women were studied: ExHH (n=12; aged 25±1 years; body mass index 20.3±0.7 kg/m 2 ; mean±SEM), and eumenorrheic ovulatory women (ExOv; n=14; 24±1years; 21.4±0.5 kg/m 2 ). Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (TPR; 2D echocardiography) and resting and peak-ischemic calf blood flow (CBF; plethysmography) were assessed at baseline and 60 minutes after 45 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise. Results: In ExHH, baseline HR (47±2 beats/min), systolic BP (90±2 mmHg) and CO (3.4±0.1 L/min) were lower (p<0.05) than in ExOv (54±2 beats/min; 101±1 mmHg; 4.1±0.1 L/min; respectively). Resting and peak-ischemic CBF were also lower (p<0.05) in ExHH (1.5±0.1 and 20.5±1.5 ml/100ml/min) than ExOv women (2.4±0.2 and 28.8±2.9 ml/100ml/min). Conversely, TPR was higher (p<0.05) in ExHH (1606±69 dynes/sec/cm 5 ) than eumenorrheic women (1400±47 dynes/sec/cm 5 ). Post-exercise: HR and CO were increased (p<0.05), and TPR decreased (p<0.05) in both groups. However, in ExHH, HR (58±2 beats/min) and CO (3.90±0.1 L/min) remained lower (p<0.05) and TPR (1365±65 dynes/sec/cm 5 ) higher (p<0.05) than in ExOv women. Resting CBF was increased (p<0.05) to a similar value (3.3±0.2 ml/100ml/min; overall mean) in both groups. Peak CBF was increased (p<0.05) in ExHH only (26.4±2.0 ml/100ml/min). Using pooled data, CO was positively, and TPR inversely, associated (p<0.05,) with resting CBF both pre- and post-exercise. Conclusion: Compared with eumenorrheic women, ExHH women demonstrate impaired regional blood flow in association with low CO and elevated TPR. Dynamic exercise acutely restores CBF in ExHH women in association with increased CO and decreased TPR. While the effects of estrogen deficiency per se are unclear, these data suggest that impaired resistance vessel function in ExHH is: i) reversible, and ii) associated in part with increased vascular tone and altered hemodynamic characteristics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".