An overview of acid mine drainage mitigation and test work in northwest Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The authors present an overview of the environmental concerns, existing treatment and mitigation approaches and new ideas being tested to resolve acid mine drainage problems at mines visited in a recent MEND Prevention and Control committee tour of the Rouyn- Noranda/Val D'Or region (Abitibi) of Quebec. The mining areas visited were: Ste. Genevieve's Norebec-Manitou site, the Crown owned (Quebec), abandoned East Sullivan tailings impoundment, Minnova's Millenbach tailings impoundment and Mine Doyon, operated by Lac Minerals and co-owned by Cambior. To minimize or replace costly collection and treatment, the sites visited are testing various surface covers (clay, organic, non-pyritic tailings and water). Research projects carried out at Mine Doyon and Waite Amulet have been and are providing valuable new information about the processes operating in acid generating waste rock dumps and tailings. In addition to the projects observed during the tour, the paper references similar test work being carried out in other areas of Ontario and Quebec.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".