Beta‐arrestin and vasomotor control in the spontaneously hypertensive rat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibit reduced desensitization of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 receptor (Y1R) leading to altered hindlimb vasomotor control. ?‐arrestin 2 ( ?‐arr) is a key regulatory protein involved in the desensitization of the Y1R (as well as many other G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)). Reduced ?‐arr would lead to less desensitization, and prolonged signal transduction. In vivo measurements of arterial pressure and femoral blood flow (Transonic) were measured in 7‐week old anaesthesized male SHR animals (n=5) and their genetic control (WKY; n=6) rats. Red vastus lateralis from the animals were analyzed for ?‐arr content by western blotting techniques. SHR content of ?‐arr was 1412 ± 827 units while ?‐arr content in the WKY animals was 3546 ± 898 units (p = 0.003; mean ± SD). These data are consistent with the 55% (p = 0.07) and 60% (p = 0.06) reductions in both hindlimb blood flow (ml/min) and conductance (ml/min/mmHg) to exogenous NPY (r = 0.77, p = 0.02 and r = 0.66, p = 0.05 respectively). β‐arr was also correlated with reductions in hindlimb flow to exogenous phenylephrine (r =0.76, p = 0.02). These data implicate a role for β‐arr in Y1R and alpha adrenergic receptor sensitization in hypertension. This work was supported by CIHR.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".