Neonatal intermittent hypoxia induces sex‐specific enhancement of hypoxic ventilatory response in rat pups
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that chronic intermittent hypoxia induces gender‐specific effects on hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in newborn rats. Rat pups were exposed with their dams to normal room air (controls) or to chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH: O 2 levels cycled between 21% and 5% every 10 minutes for 1h followed by 1h under normoxia, 24h/day) during postnatal days 1–10. Minute ventilation (VE) was measured in 10‐day‐old male and female rat pups using whole‐body plethysmography. To assess HVR, VE was measured in normoxia and during acute hypoxia (5% achieved in 60 seconds), and expressed as % changes vs. baseline. IH induced a growth‐delay of similar magnitude in males and females. Under normoxia, respiratory frequency was slightly lower in both male and female IH rats vs. controls, but VE was similar. In males, HVR was higher in IH rats (+57±13%) vs. controls (+32±8%, p=0,001). In females, HVR was similar between neonatal IH (+35±13%) and control rats (+42±7%, p=ns). This study shows that neonatal IH increases HVR specifically in male rat pups, and suggests that apneas may have sex‐specific effects on respiratory control in neonates. (Founded by FRSQ, Sick kids foundation/CIHR).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".