Massive small intestinal adaptation occurs in a neonatal miniature piglet model of short bowel syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our objective was to characterize small intestinal (SI) adaptation in a novel piglet model. Piglets (n = 27, 12 d old) were randomized to 1) 80% SI resection with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) feeding (R‐TPN), 2) 80% SI resection with TPN + enteral feeding (R‐EN) or 3) sham SI transection with TPN + enteral feeding (Sham‐EN). In the R pigs, the distal 100 cm of ileum (residual SI) and 30 cm of proximal SI was left intact. All pigs received TPN after surgery. R‐EN and Sham‐EN piglets also received continuous gastric infusions of elemental diet starting on d 3 (40:60 TPN:EN). Piglets were kept for 4, 6 or 10 d post‐surgery. The weights of residual SI and mucosa were greater in R‐EN compared to other pigs at 4, 6 and 10 d. By d 10, weight per length of residual SI in R‐EN animals was more than 25% greater than other groups; R‐EN mucosal mass was 65% higher. Rate of residual SI length growth in the R‐TPN and R‐EN was twice that of the Sham‐EN, indicating massive adaptation responsive to enteral feeding. A rapid decline in plasma arginine and glutamate occurred in enterally fed groups compared to R‐TPN pigs (p<0.05). Ornithine decarboxylase activity in mucosa of R‐EN pigs at d 10 was 35% higher than Sham‐EN and 60% higher than R‐TPN. Route of amino acid delivery may have affected whole body availability, as the gut may have extracted significant amounts of enteral arginine and glutamate to support intestinal adaptation growth. (SickKids Foundation)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".