Bibliographic record
Abstract
The quotation from the website of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation sums up the issues we face in all sectors of higher education today, public and private: How do we do much more with far less than we have done in the past? The United States has long prided itself on having one of the most highly educated populations in the world, but that is no longer the case. Over the past decade, the proportion of the population with a postsecondary degree has increased far more significantly in other advanced economies than in the US, particularly among young people. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, 2012), only 42 percent of young Americans age 25-34 currently hold an associate’s degree or higher. Contrast that with South Korea at 65 percent, Japan at 57 percent and Canada at 56 percent (OECD, 2012, p. 36). Moreover, 63 percent of US jobs are projected to require some level of postsecondary education by 2018 (Carnevale, et al., 2010, p. 14). On a social level, postsecondary attainment has always been an important means for providing social equity and economic mobility to US citizens. There is a
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".