Disturbances in Cardiac Glutathione Augments Cardiac Lipotoxicity in Mice with Diet‐Induced Obesity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cardiac lipid accumulation is a key feature of obesity‐related cardiomyopathy. The role of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in cardiolipotoxicity is unclear. Cystathionine‐β‐synthase(Cbs) provides 50% of total cysteine required for GSH biosynthesis in the liver. We studied the effect of diet‐induced obesity in mice heterozygous for targeted deletion of Cbs(+/−) and C57BL6/J (+/+) mice fed a high fat (60% energy) diet (HF) or a control diet (C) from weaning for 12 weeks. HF+/− and HF+/+ mice had higher body weight (P<0.001) and adipose tissue accumulation (P<0.001) than C+/− and C+/+ mice. Total GSH and reduced GSH levels in heart were lower in +/− mice (P<0.01) than in +/+ mice and where further reduced in +/− mice fed the HF diet. This was accompanied by higher levels of triglyceride and higher levels of nitrotyrosine in heart form HF+/− mice. Expression of genes (mRNA) related to fatty acid oxidation ( Acox1 , Ppara ) and mitochondrial function ( Pgc1a , Nrf1 , Rela ) were higher (P<0.01) in heart from +/− mice than in +/+ mice. Feeding the HF diet had no effect on gene expression in the +/+ mice but reduced levels of mRNA in +/− mice. This study demonstrates a potential role between Cbs, heart GSH levels, and triglyceride accumulation in heart during diet‐induced obesity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".