Till geochemical signatures of volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits: an overview of Canadian examples
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits are an important source of Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag in Canada. These deposits formed on the paleo-seafloor in volcanic or volcano-sedimentary rocks. On the glaciated landscape of Canada, the bulk composition of till (so-called ‘till geochemistry’) is an important exploration method for VMS deposits. Herein we provide an overview of the 50-plus year history of the application of till geochemical methods to VMS exploration in Canada, and summarize best practices, including appropriate size fractions of till to analyse, analytical techniques and indicator and pathfinder elements. Till geochemical methods are now well-developed and used widely, most commonly employing the <0.063 mm till fraction and an extensive suite of VMS indicator elements Cu, Pb, Zn, Au, and Ag, as well as pathfinder elements Ag, Au As, Bi, Cd, Ga, Ge, Hg, In, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl. In order to detect the clastic glacial dispersal signal down-ice of a VMS deposit, unoxidized to weakly oxidized till should be collected and analysed, and not B-horizon soil. Case studies and examples of glacial dispersal patterns associated with known VMS mineralization in major mining camps and deposits across Canada are highlighted.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it