MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W2296700935

Grammar Inference for Web Documents

2011· article· en· W2296700935 on OpenAlex
Shahab Kamali, Frank Wm. Tompa

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicWeb Data Mining and Analysis
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Waterloo
Fundersnot available
KeywordsXML validationComputer sciencePresentational and representational actingDocument Structure DescriptionXML Schema EditorEfficient XML InterchangeStreaming XMLXML Schema (W3C)Information retrievalSGMLXML EncryptionXMLXML SignatureProgramming languageNatural language processingWorld Wide WebLinguistics
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Presentational XML documents, such as XHTML or Presentation MathML, use XML tags mainly for formating purposes, while descriptive XML applications, such as a wellstructured movie database, use tags to structure data items in a semantically meaningful way. There is little semantic connection between tags in a presentational XML document and its content, so the tagging is often complex and seemingly ambiguous. These differences make inference of the underlying structure more difficult for presentational XML. The problem of schema or grammar inference has been studied mostly for descriptive XML, and proposed solutions are often ineffective for presentational XML. On the other hand, there are many applications such as data extraction tools and special-purpose search engines that need to infer structure from presentational XML. Current proposals for such systems provide only partial solutions to this problem. Restrictions imposed by DTDs and XML Schemas make them insufficient to describe many presentational XML documents effectively. In this paper we use regular tree grammars to define a class of grammars that is able to model many published presentational XML documents. We also propose an algorithm to infer such grammars, and prove that we can infer an appropriate grammar with high probability from given samples. We also empirically evaluate our algorithm by applying it to various types of presentational XML and comparing it to other algorithms. 1.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.729
Threshold uncertainty score0.173

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.049
GPT teacher head0.280
Teacher spread0.231 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2011
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same topicWeb Data Mining and AnalysisFrench-language works237,207