Bibliographic record
Abstract
The evolution of the Bras d’Or Lakes since the retreat of the last ice sheets c. 15 ka (thousands of radiocarbon years before present, where present is defined as 1950) is inferred from multibeam bathymetry, seismic reflection profiles, and sediment cores. The thickness of stratified sediment in the Lakes overlying glacial till shows that there was a step-like retreat of ice towards a late ice centre in the western part of the Bras d’Or Lakes. As ice retreated, a lake formed in the area of the modern Bras d’Or Lakes and probably drained through Little Bras d’Or Channel. Ice retreat and sea level change on the continental shelf off south-eastern Cape Breton are inferred from multibeam bathymetry that shows proglacial subaerial river channels and suggests that sea level was perhaps 50 m lower than present about 15 ka. Relative sea level appears to have risen subsequently, so that marine conditions existed in Bras d’Or Lakes basin at 10 to 9 ka. Sea level may have risen to -15 m (below modern sea level)before falling again in the early Holocene. This falling early Holocene relative sea level resulted in the creation of freshwater lakes, with a prominent erosion surface at -25 m marking the lake level in some areas. Rising sea level then resulted in a return to marine conditions in the Lakes by 4 to 5 ka. L’évolution des lacs Bras d’Or depuis le retrait des dernières nappes glaciaires il y a 15 000 ans se révèle par la bathymétrie multifaisceaux, les profils de réflexion sismique et les carottes de sédiments. L’épaisseur des sédiments stratifiés dans le till sus-jacent des lacs démontre qu’il y a eu un retrait en escaliers des glaces vers un centre fini-glaciaire situé dans la partie occidentale des lacs Bras d’Or. Les eaux, libérées lors du retrait des glaces, s’échappèrent probablement via le canal du Little Bras d’Or pour former un lac dans le lit actuel des lacs Bras d’Or. Le retrait des glaces et les changements du niveau de la mer sur la plateforme continentale au sud-est de Cap-Breton sont mis en évidence par la bathymétrie multifaisceaux, qui montre des lits de rivière sub-aériens proglaciaires et indiqueque le niveau de la mer se trouvait peut-être à 50 m plus bas qu’aujourd’hui il y a environ 15 milles d’années. La hausse du niveau de la mer depuis cette époque a provoqué l’inondation des lacs Bras d’Or ancestraux il y a de 9 à 10 milles d’années, et le niveau des eaux aurait atteint -15 m avant de chuter au début de l’Holocène. Cette chute relative du début de l’Holocène a résulté en la création de lacs pour une seconde fois, avec une importante surface d’érosion à -25 m qui marque le niveau des eaux dans certaines zones. Ces lacs ont été finalement inondés par la mer il y a de 4 à 5 milles d’années.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".