A self-consistent approach to the analysis of thermionic devices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research in thermionics has been reinvigorated recently by the advent of nanotechnology and nanomaterials. Thermionic energy convertors are commonly modelled using the Poisson-Vlasov system of equations under various limitations and approximations. With the ever-growing demands of emergent thermionic devices, more comprehensive approaches are needed in order to be able to treat a broader range of device configurations and operational parameters. Here, we propose a self-consistent approach that, by iterating between the Poisson and Vlasov equations, does not rely on the existence of an analytical solution to the latter. Specifically, we present a particle-tracing implementation of this method for solving the system numerically in an efficient manner. In the case where an analytical solution does exist, we present an asymptotic expansion of the ill-behaving functions that arise; this approach improves the effectiveness of the method in the deep space-charge mode. We also demonstrate the applicability of this approach in the presence of back-emission.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".