In vitro propagation of cherry birch (<i>Betula lenta</i> L.)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An efficient procedure for the micropropagation and conservation of cherry birch (Betula lenta L.), an endangered species in Canada, is reported. The model utilizes in vitro proliferation of fresh and dormant buds from both greenhouse and mature trees. Various factors were evaluated to optimize the protocol, including plant growth regulators, type and concentration of carbohydrates, and the composition of basal salts. 6-benzylaminopurine was the most effective cytokinin for shoot multiplication, with an optimal concentration of 5 µM. Sucrose was a more effective carbohydrate source than glucose, with the highest multiplication rate occurring at 3% sucrose (w/v). Shoot multiplication was similar on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) basal salts, but significantly lower on Woody Plant medium (WPM). Culture media with half-strength DKW basal salts and 20 µM indole-3-butyric acid was found to be the best for rooting (80%). Rooted plantlets were acclimatized to the greenhouse environment with a 37% survival rate. The micropropagation technology developed in the study offers excellent opportunities and tools for rapid replenishment of cherry birch trees in their natural environment, long-term conservation, and provides a platform for further research of this nationally endangered species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".