[Assessment of cognition and associated factors in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore and analyze the cognitive function in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: The cognition differences between patients with COPD and healthy subjects were analyzed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). GOLD grade, PaO₂, PaCO₂, the education degree and the age were included as associated factors. The correlation between those factors with cognition were analyzed. RESULTS: The MoCA in patients with COPD was 20.6 ± 2.3, and that in healthy subjects was 25.3 ± 1.7; the difference between the 2 groups being significant (P < 0.01). The MoCA was 22.4 ± 0.8 in patients with GOLD grade I disease, 21.7 ± 1.0 in grade II, 20.2 ± 1.2 in grade III, and 19.1 ± 1.20 in grade IV diseases; the difference among the 4 subgroups being significant (F = 31.69, P < 0.05). The MoCA in GOLD grade I was higher than that in GOLD grade II, but the difference did not reach significance (P > 0.05). The MoCA of GOLD grade II was higher than that in GOLD grade III (P < 0.05) , and the MoCA of GOLD grade III was higher than that GOLD grade IV (P < 0.05). The MoCA in non-hypoxemia subgroup and hypoxemia subgroup was 22.2 ± 1.1 and 19.8 ± 1.1, respectively (P < 0.05) , while the MoCA in hypercapnia subgroup and non-hypercapnia subgroup was 20.0 ± 1.3 and 22.3 ± 1.0 respectively (P < 0.05). By regression analysis, the score of MoCA was correlated positively to education degree (Standard B1 = 0.134, P < 0.01), GOLD grade(Standard B2 = 0.351, P < 0.01) and PaO₂(Standard B3 = 0.305, P < 0.01), while the score of MoCA was correlated negatively to age(Standard B4 = -0.146, P < 0.01) and PaCO₂(Standard B5 = -0.145, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The MoCA score in patients with COPD was lower than that in healthy people. Lower MoCA score was found in patients with severe COPD. The MoCA scores in both hypoxemia subgroup and hypercapnia subgroup were lower. The cognitive dysfunction in patients with stable COPD was positively correlated with education degree, GOLD grade, and PaO₂, but negatively with age and PaCO₂.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".