3M HQ-115 (LiTFSI) Electrolyte Additive Dramatically Improves Battery Performance in Electrolytes Containing Trace Amounts of Water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
3M has successfully commercialized lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) (trade name: HQ-115) as an electrolyte additives in commercial lithium ion batteries. Based on our investigations and customer’s feedback, when used as an electrolyte additive, HQ-115 improves cycle life in Graphite/LiCoO2 cells at high temperature. Similar results are obtained in Graphite/MNC cells. Cycle life improvements achieved by adding HQ-115 correlates with reduced cell impedance. HQ-115 also reduces gassing at the negative electrode and can prevent shorting under high temperature float test conditions with single layer PE separator. Thus cell life and safety are improved using HQ-115 as additives in standard electrolyte. Recent studies by 3M, Dalhousie University, and Medtronic indicate that HQ-115 is a useful additive for maintaining acceptable cell performance under conditions where moisture levels in the electrolyte are elevated. It is interesting that the addition of HQ-115 to either VC+100 ppm water or VC+1000 ppm water cells reduced the cell swelling and impedance rise compared to identical cells without HQ-115, consistent with later long term cycling data at 55oC. Thus HQ-115 additive can enable relaxation of specifications on water in electrolyte. The results reported herein suggest that relaxing specifications on water content in electrolyte with added HQ-115 as additives may be one avenue for cost-reduction of Li-ion cells with graphite negative electrodes. In August 2013, 3M, Dalhousie University, and Medtronic jointly filed a global patent application to cover these new benefits of 3M’s HQ-115 electrolyte additives in lithium ion batteries. References: Burns, John Christopher; Dahn, Jeffrey Raymond; Eberman, Kevin Wilmot; Jain, Gaurav; Lamanna, William Mario; Sinha, Nupur Nikkan; Xiao, Ang; Ye, Hui, US Patent Application 61/868043, Lithium Ion Battery Electrolytes and Electrochemical Cells, August 2013
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".