Implant treatment outcomes at the University of British Columbia graduate periodontics clinic : a retrospective analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: Dental implants have predictable outcomes and high survival rates. However, a small subset of patients experience implant failure. A retrospective review of charts at UBC was conducted to determine how patient-, disease-, site-, surgeon- and implant design-centered risk factors affect the survival of implants. Methods: A review of implants placed between 1989-2006 was completed. Inclusion criteria required a one-year post-placement diagnostic radiograph. Implant failure was defined as the loss or removal of an implant at any time. Bivariate analyses were used to identify variables associated with implant failure. Risk factors with p-values < 0.05 or that were deemed clinically relevant by previous studies were included in stepwise linear multiple regression and logistic regression analyses. Results: Based on the inclusion criteria, 107 patients and 300 implants were included in the study. Follow-up ranged from 1.00 to 19.79 years (mean 4.08 + 2.95 years). At follow-up, 92.3% of implants survived and 84.1% of patients did not experience failure, In the failing implant group, 13.1% of patients had one failed implant and 2.8% of patients had two failed implants. The survival rate of replacement implants was 85.71%. Most factors studied had no statistically significant impact on survival. Only simultaneous sinus augmentation and removable prostheses were significantly associated with failure and guided bone regeneration was significantly associated with survival. In the regression analyses, the predictors showing the largest effect on thread exposure were: implant model, jaw (in favor of mandibular implants), and surface (in favor of rough surfaces). The odds ratio for implant failure was 16.87 for osteotome sinus elevation and 0.288 for decreasing implant width. Conclusions: The survival rate for implants placed at UBC is similar to those reported in the literature. Most variables considered risk factors did not have a statistically significant effect on implant failure. Given the high survival rates of implants, a small sample size does not allow for trends in the data to reach statistical significance, even if a true difference exists.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".