Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediment Samples from Euphrates River, Iraq
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sediment samples were collected from four selected sites along the Euphrates river near Al-Nassyira city south of Iraq during summer2012 to winter 2013, sixteen PAHs listed by USEPA as priority pollutants were detected.The total of PAHs was ranged from 0.197 ng/g dry weight in summer at station 1 to 80.006 ng/g dry weight in winter at station 3. The LMW/HMW, Flouranthene/Pyrene and Phenanthrene /Anthracene ratio indicated that the source of PAHs was pyrogenic Whereas BaA/(BaA+Chry) ratio indicated that the source of PAHs was pyrogenic and at least petrognic. The highest value TOC % were 1.91% at station 3 in winter while the lowest value were 0.73% at station 1 in summer. The study shows that there is a significant correlations between TOC%, grain size in the sediment with concentration of PAH. The present study indicated that hydrocarbons exist in the study area, but its levels were in acceptable range.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".