Surface treatment of carbon supports for PEM fuel cell electrocatalyst
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Due to the high efficiency, small size and environmental benignity of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), their use and dissemination is considered to be imminent. However, the high price and limited supply of platinum (Pt) is a challenge in achieving this goal, and therefore, a reduction of Pt loading in electrocatalysts is needed. The electrocatalytic activity of carbon supported Pt on oxygen reduction is already known to be dependent on the texture and introduced chemical species of the carbon support. This article discussed the effect on electrochemical activity produced by surface treatment of the carbon supports with fullerene. Carbon supports that were used in the experiments included mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), which is a type of micron carbon particles derived from petroleum residua and glass-like carbon powder (GCP). The article discussed the experimental study including preparation of the carbon supports and subsequent results and discussion. It was concluded that surface treatment of MCMB and GCP with fullerene overcame the disadvantages of Pt to produce good electrocatalyst supports. 12 refs., 1 tab., 4 figs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".