Mechanical–Structural Investigation of Ion-Exchanged Lithium Silicate Glass using Micro-Raman Spectroscopy
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the structural modifications occurring in a simple ion-exchanged glass. The base lithium silicate composition 30Li 2 O–70SiO 2 was studied as it underwent ion exchange, Li + ↔ K +, at six temperatures spanning the glass transition point. Using a well-developed relationship between the Si–O–Si bond angle, the Si–O bond length, and Raman shifts, the reduction in network molar volume and increase in compressive stress were estimated. On the basis of the effect of the ion-exchange temperature, the existence of a threshold energy below which the compressive stress manifests as the reorientation of silica tetrahedra only and above which the system relaxes by increasing the Si–O bond length is proposed. Finally, the linear network dilation coefficient is revisited in terms of these new data and an explanation given for its underestimation and overestimation of stress at low and high temperatures, respectively.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it