Analysis of SSO Control Alternatives within the City of Detroit's Regional Collection System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A number of Detroit Water and Sewerage Department's (DWSD) wholesale customers experience effects of sanitary sewer overflows (SSO), including basement flooding.As part of DWSD's wastewater master plan (WWMP) project, the city has investigated various local and regional alternatives for SSO control.SSOs, releases of untreated sewage into the environment, are illegal in Michigan.Related to basement flooding, SSOs have the potential to cause property damage and may present public health concerns.The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) policy is to identify sanitary sewer overflows, and take appropriate action to eliminate them.Several customers approached DWSD to request additional contract capacity as an approach for eliminating SSOs in their collection system, and in spring of 2001, DWSD and its customers began a collaborative process to examine solutions to eliminate the public health and water quality impacts of SSOs in the regional collection system.The purpose of this study was to find a cost-effective solution for SSO elimination in the service area.The following alternatives were evaluated:• elimination of the sources of high infiltration/inflow (III) that cause SSOs, • local storage or treatment of SSOs, and • regional transmission, storage, and treatment of SSOs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".