Research of Temperature Characteristics of Non-Equilibrium Condensation in Transonic Steam Flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The non-equilibrium phase transition model in CFX is used to simulate the non-equilibrium condensation flow in Laval nozzles. The Eulerian-Eulerian governing equation of multi-phase computational fluid dynamics model is utilized to solve the two-phase flow with k-ε turbulence model. By simulating the spontaneous condensation flow in 2D and 3D models Laval nozzles with different geometries, non-equilibrium phase transition and condensation shock are captured. Our numerical results indicate that the pressure distributions and water droplet diameters are compared with the experimental ones under the same situation. It is shown that the results of 3D model agree with the experimental results better, while the pressure distribution curve of 2D model exhibits the “2D effect”, which may cause calculated errors. Finally, the temperature characteristics of non-equilibrium condensation in transonic steam flow are computed with 3D model and the influence of the inlet temperature on the condensation characteristics and position of shock wave is analyzed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".