Connexin43 Is Required for the Maintenance of Multipotency in Skin-Derived Stem Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Expression of the gap junction protein, connexin43 (Cx43), begins early during embryogenesis and is maintained in many different cell types. Several stem cell populations have been shown to express Cx43 and to form functional gap junctions. While it is clear that Cx43 is critical to the function of many organs, whether the same is true for stem cells has not been clearly demonstrated. Recently, stem cells isolated from newborn mouse skin were shown to form oocyte-like cells (OLCs) in vitro, hence the present study focussed on the role Cx43 plays in the proliferation and differentiation of these cells. The stem cells express Cx43 and those from knockout mice (Cx43 KO) exhibited significantly reduced cell-cell coupling. Loss of Cx43 reduced the rate of cellular migration [Cx43 KO, 1.57±0.65 radial cell units (RCU); wildtype (WT), 5.57±0.37 RCU] but increased the proliferation rate of the stem cells (Cx43 KO, 29.40%±2.02%; WT, 12.76%±1.50%). The expression of the pluripotency markers OCT4 and Nanog were found to be reduced in the Cx43 KO population, suggesting an inhibition of differentiation potential. To test the differentiation ability, the stem cells were induced to form neuronal cell types in vitro. While both the WT and KO cells were able to form GFAP-positive astrocytic cells, only WT stem cells were able to form βIII tubulin-positive neurons. Similarly, the ability of the stem cells to form OLCs was ablated by the loss of Cx43. These data reveal a role for Cx43 in maintaining multipotency within the skin-derived stem cell population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".