Reassessment of Soil Suction at the Evaporation Rate Reduction Point for Saturated-Unsaturated Soil Surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Potential Evaporation, PE, from soils is defined as the water loss through evaporation from a saturated soil surface with ample water. The calculation of actual evaporation, AE, is required when calculating water balance for near-ground-surface engineered situations. AE can be less than PE for a number of reasons. It has been noted that the rate of evaporation begins to depart from the potential rate of evaporation during drying process at distinct soil suction values that are related to the soil-water characteristic curve, SWCC. This paper mainly focuses on reassessment of soil suction and the corresponding water content at which the actual rate of evaporation begins to depart from potential rate of evaporation during drying process using a series of the laboratory data collected from the research literature. It is found that the value of suction at evaporation-rate reduction point appears to be approximately 3,000 kPa for thin soil sections regardless of the soil texture. However, the soil suction appears to be between the air-entry value and residual soil suction for evaporation from soil columns. An empirical equation has been proposed for the determination of the soil suction at the evaporation-rate reduction point in soil columns. Equations are also proposed to calculate the coefficient of surface moisture availability, the vapor pressure, and surface resistance at the soil surface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".