Lubricating and Waxy Esters. 6. Synthesis and Physical Properties of (<i>E</i>)-Didec-9-enyl Octadec-9-enedioate and Branched Derivatives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A fatty aliphatic “Jojoba-like” ester, didec-9-enyl octadec-9-enedioate, was synthesized by Steglish esterification, and C3-branched derivatives were prepared from its epoxide by a solvent-free epoxide ring-opening and one-pot normal condensation reaction. The thermal stability, phase transition behavior, solid fat content, and flow behavior were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, p-NMR, and rotational rheometry, respectively. These properties were predictably varied as a function of branching, explained by the combined effects of mass, hydroxyl groups, and geometric steric hindrances imposed by the protuberant branches. The compounds demonstrated high thermal stability (>230 °C), competitive flow characteristics (210–773 cP at 40 °C and 31–66 cP at 100 °C) and superior low-temperature performance properties (−27 to −70 °C) suitable for exploitation in various applications such as lubricants, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".