Operating Experience With a 240 kW Microturbine Combined Heating, Cooling and Power System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 240 kWe integrated microturbine chiller/heater power system was installed on the campus of the University of Toronto at Mississauga (UTM) in 2005 to provide heating or cooling in combination with electric power generation. The system consists of four 60 kWe microturbines fueled by natural gas and a 110 refrigeration ton (389 kW) lithium bromide absorption chiller that utilizes waste heat from the microturbines. The chiller can be operated in cooling mode to supply chilled water in summer for cooling, or in heating mode to supply hot water (140°F or 60°C) in winter for heating. Campus requirements for electrical power, heating and cooling are presented. Results from operating experience over a two year period 2005–2006 are presented. Recommendations are provided to guide future installations to make full use of the equipment’s potential.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".