Improving the Quality and Scientific Understanding of Trophic Magnification Factors (TMFs)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTImproving the Quality and Scientific Understanding of Trophic Magnification Factors (TMFs)Lawrence P. Burkhard†*, Katrine Borgå‡, David E. Powell§, Pim Leonards∥, Derek C. G. Muir⊥, Thomas F. Parkerton#, and Kent B. Woodburn§View Author Information† Mid-Continent Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States‡ Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway§ Dow Corning Corporation, Health and Environmental Sciences, Midland, Michigan 48640, United States∥ Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University, The Netherlands⊥ Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water, Science, and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada# ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas 77002, United States*Phone: (218)-529-5164; fax: (218)-529-5003; e-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47, 3, 1186–1187Publication Date (Web):January 15, 2013Publication History Received3 January 2013Accepted4 January 2013Published online15 January 2013Published inissue 5 February 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es305253rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/es305253rnewsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2200Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (884 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Bioaccumulation,Food,Organic compounds,Quality management,Testing and assessment Get e-Alerts
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".