High-Pressure H<sub>2</sub>S Conversion and SO<sub>2</sub> Production over γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Fe<sub>χ</sub>S(OH) in Liquid Sulfur
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A stainless steel autoclave was used to investigate high-pressure catalytic H 2 S conversion to sulfur in a liquid-sulfur medium. Using the fundamental chemistry developed in earlier low-pressure conversion studies, the objective of this work was to investigate the use of high pressures for increasing overall H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur. Using 1.55% H 2 S (balance N 2 ), the H 2 S scavenging activity of fresh FeO(OH) was found to increase with increasing operating pressures. Reaction of 1.55% H 2 S with 0.80% O 2 (balance N 2 ) over Fe χ S(OH) resulted in 87% H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur at a reactor operating pressure of 6984 kPa (1000 psig). Incorporating dual-catalyst reaction conditions (γ-Al 2 O 3 /Fe χ S(OH)), 99.6% H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur was attained using a feed gas containing 1.33% H 2 S/1.16% O 2 (balance N 2 ) and a reactor operating pressure of 1813 kPa (250 psig). It is suggested that SO 2 is generated by the iron catalyst and that H 2 S conversion occurs by the reaction of H 2 S with SO 2, primarily over γ-Al 2 O 3 . A concurrent SO 2 kinetics investigation demonstrated very high SO 2 production activity over Fe χ S(OH) as compared to γ-Al 2 O 3 . Finally, the dual-catalyst regime proved capable of maintaining high H 2 S conversions to elemental sulfur under higher H 2 S-content feed-gas conditions. Overall, higher operating pressures proved to be effective for increasing the total H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".