High-Pressure H<sub>2</sub>S Conversion and SO<sub>2</sub> Production over γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Fe<sub>χ</sub>S(OH) in Liquid Sulfur
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A stainless steel autoclave was used to investigate high-pressure catalytic H 2 S conversion to sulfur in a liquid-sulfur medium. Using the fundamental chemistry developed in earlier low-pressure conversion studies, the objective of this work was to investigate the use of high pressures for increasing overall H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur. Using 1.55% H 2 S (balance N 2 ), the H 2 S scavenging activity of fresh FeO(OH) was found to increase with increasing operating pressures. Reaction of 1.55% H 2 S with 0.80% O 2 (balance N 2 ) over Fe χ S(OH) resulted in 87% H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur at a reactor operating pressure of 6984 kPa (1000 psig). Incorporating dual-catalyst reaction conditions (γ-Al 2 O 3 /Fe χ S(OH)), 99.6% H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur was attained using a feed gas containing 1.33% H 2 S/1.16% O 2 (balance N 2 ) and a reactor operating pressure of 1813 kPa (250 psig). It is suggested that SO 2 is generated by the iron catalyst and that H 2 S conversion occurs by the reaction of H 2 S with SO 2, primarily over γ-Al 2 O 3 . A concurrent SO 2 kinetics investigation demonstrated very high SO 2 production activity over Fe χ S(OH) as compared to γ-Al 2 O 3 . Finally, the dual-catalyst regime proved capable of maintaining high H 2 S conversions to elemental sulfur under higher H 2 S-content feed-gas conditions. Overall, higher operating pressures proved to be effective for increasing the total H 2 S conversion to elemental sulfur.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".