Prognostic Markers for Poor Recovery After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults: A Pilot Cohort Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic markers associated with poor recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) in older adults. SETTING: Three Ontario emergency departments. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-nine participants aged 65 years and older that visited an emergency department for MTBI. DESIGN: Pilot prospective cohort study. MAIN MEASURES: Recovery from MTBI determined using the Rivermead Postconcussion symptom Questionnaire, the Glasgow Outcomes Scale-Extended, physical and mental health functioning (SF-12), and a single question on self-rated recovery assessed by telephone shortly after emergency department visit (baseline) and again 6 months later. Predictors were measured at baseline. RESULTS: Markers potentially associated with poor recovery included reporting worse health 1 year before the injury, poor expectations for recovery, depression, and fatigue. CONCLUSION: Recovery after MTBI in older adults may be associated more with psychosocial than with biomedical or injury-related factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".