Reconstructing Tsunami Run-Up from Sedimentary Characteristics: A Simple Mathematical Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tsunamis frequently leave a characteristic sediment deposit on the inundated land surface, which can be interpreted to deduce some of the features of the original tsunami wave. A simple trajectory-based theory of the tsunami hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics is presented here, yielding expressions for the landward variations in thickness and sediment composition of the deposit. Each grainsize contribution to the deposit thins linearly landwards, with the sediment run-up limit increasing with decreasing grainsize. The expressions can be fitted to observed sedimentary characteristics to deduce the run-up height and distance of the water. Example applications of the theory are given for the 1929 "Grand Banks" Tsunami, and the Holocene Storegga Slide Tsunami. Reconstruction of palaeo-tsunamis can help with assessments of present day risks from tsunamis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".