Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we identify that the different regimes encountered in a vertical capillary filling or a capillary-rise problem are determined entirely by two dimensionless parameters: Ohnesorge number (Oh) and Bond number (Bo). The initial universal inertial regime, which has been analyzed in our recent paper [Das et al., Phys. Rev. E 86, 067301 (2012)], is followed by any one of three possible regimes, dictated by the ratio Oh/Bo. For Oh/Bo>>1, the viscous effects dominate the gravitational effects, and one encounters the classical Washburn regime. For the other limit, i.e., Oh/Bo<<1, the viscous effects are insignificant and there is no Washburn regime. On the contrary, the inertial regime transits to the oscillatory regime with the filling length ℓ oscillating about the Jurin height (~1/Bo), which is the maximum height attained by a liquid column in vertical capillary filling, with the viscous effects (~Oh) dictating the nature of the oscillations. For Oh/Bo~1, we get a behavior intermediate of these two extreme regimes. Finally, we identify the correct force picture that drives the oscillatory regime and in the process achieve quantitative match with the experimental results, that was precluded in the previous studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".