Particle Image Velocimetry Applied to a Deflected Wall Jet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the results of an experimental study of a deflected wall jet using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The challenges inherent to successfully applying PIV to a flow with a wide velocity range and over a large area are discussed. Deflected wall jets are of interest at the outlets of dams and other hydraulic structures for their potential to reduce the risk of structural collapse due to bed erosion. A high-velocity wall jet can be deflected away from the bed and towards the water surface using a baffle installed on the bed. In this study, a plane wall jet was formed in a rectangular flume with a self-contained re-circulating water supply and deflected upwards by a baffle affixed across the width of the flume bed. The flow field was contained within a 60.0 cm square field of view centred 65.0 cm from the gate. This large area was subdivided into fourteen tesserae, each with 15.75 cm square fields of view. The resulting PIV data was subsequently assembled into a data mosaic covering the entire region of interest.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".