The Historic Building in the Modernized City: The Cathedrals of Paris and Rouen in the Nineteenth Century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Among the most ambitious and comprehensive projects for urban modernization in the nineteenth century was that of Paris where the prefect of the Department of the Seine, Baron Georges- Eugène Haussmann, under the auspices of the Second Empire of Napoleon III, engaged in a thorough-going program of demolition, street replanning, and reconstruction. Although much of the earlier fabric of Paris was destroyed, the major medieval monuments were largely preserved. This article considers the question of how preserved buildings, especially cathedrals, functioned in renovated cities and takes as its case studies Paris and Rouen. Like Paris, Rouen was a rapidly expanding economic center during the last quarter of the nineteenth century and was similarly reworked urbanistically. It too had a major medieval cathedral to be reckoned with. As this article demonstrates, the ways in which these cathedrals could and should represent the national past were the subject of considerable debate through the nineteenth century.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".