Determination of Periodic Variations in Sub-Daily GPS Positions of Volcanic Areas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deformation caused by a volcano (e.g., from volcanic activity) can be a good indicator of volcanic processes; ground deformation measurements using geodetic tools can be useful to monitor this movement. This study concentrates on detecting short-term movements occurring during both low activity periods and the eruptive stages of a volcano on the island of Montserrat by using sub-daily (epoch-by-epoch) GPS data processing approaches. The GPS data are obtained from UNAVCO for stations surrounding the Soufrière Hills Volcano during the May 20, 2006, volcanic eruption period and during the Fall 2012 period (a period of lower activity). In order to analyze hidden periodicities within the data, Least Squares Spectral Analysis has been used. Our results show that the sub-daily peaks are located at near diurnal and semidiurnal tidal constituents (K1 and K2) with up to 5 mm amplitude.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".