The Effect of Rotation on the Spanwise Transport of Vorticity in the Absence of Tip Effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The vortex growth around plunging and flapping profiles of varying sweep angle was studied with three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry and direct-force measurements. For plunging kinematics all sweep angles tested resulted in the same force coefficient history and circulation history. Therefore, it was concluded that nominally two-dimensional spanwise flow has no effect on vortex growth or force history. However, when flapping kinematics were introduced, vortex growth was reduced due to vorticity convection. Vorticity convection for flapping cases could be modulated with the nominally two-dimensional spanwise flow. Reduced circulation for rotating cases corresponded to reduced force coefficient histories. No relationship between vortex stretching and vortex strength was observed at the Rossby number considered in this study. Through an analysis of the vorticity transport equation it was concluded that spanwise flow must be accompanied by gradients in vorticity magnitude in order to limit vortex growth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".