SUGATA BOSE. A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. 2006. Pp. xii, 333. $27.95
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Indian Ocean region has, since publication of K. N. Chaudhuri's groundbreaking Trade and Civilisation in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750 (1985), been the focus of a dynamic debate. Chaudhuri and scholars such as André Wink and Janet L. Abu-Lughod, adopting a Braudelian approach to the region, assert that by the end of the first millennium C.E. there arose a regular and sophisticated system of transoceanic exchange linking the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia, and the Far East that they term the first “global economy.” This economy was based on the monsoons, a system of biannually alternating winds and currents unique to the Indian Ocean and South China Sea that facilitated return voyages directly across the region. The debate was further advanced by Michael Pearson, who demonstrated that Africa also formed an integral part of the first global economy. This forms...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.057 | 0.028 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".