Fabrication of Te@Pd Core–Shell Hybrids for Efficient C–C Coupling Reactions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Te@Pd core–shell hybrids were prepared in this study, in which a pine leaf-shaped microstructure was obtained through controlling the synthesis kinetics of single crystal Te. The as-prepared Te was subsequently utilized as the substrate for Pd coating. These core–shell particles were characterized with scanning and transmission electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. When being applied as a catalyst in bromobenzene and phenylboronic acid reaction, 100% conversion of bromobenzene was achieved in less than 3 h, which was much shorter than that required by the reactions using graphene oxide supported Pd catalyst (4 h) or the commercial Pd/C catalyst (>6 h). The Te@Pd core–shell catalyst could be easily recovered from the reaction solution and be used repeatedly. The high catalytic activity of Te@Pd hybrids is attributed to their unique microstructure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".