Testing the transverse field Ising model in LiHoF<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>using capacitive dilatometry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Measurements of thermal expansion and magnetostriction on a single-crystal sample of the Ising ferromagnetic material, LiHoF${}_{4}$, are presented. The strain is measured along the crystallographic $c$ axis (the Ising direction) of the material and the magnetic field is applied transverse to this, in the $ab$ plane. The data are used to extract critical fields and critical temperatures for the ferromagnetic transition, resulting in a phase diagram for this material. The measurements are strongly focused on the very low magnetic field regime, where previous magnetic susceptibility data show a discrepancy with theory based on the transverse field Ising model, although the previous experimental data density is very sparse. The results of this study generate a high-resolution magnetic phase line that is consistent with previous measurements and therefore confirm the discrepancy. These detailed measurements can be used to significantly constrain any future theoretical work which aims to explain the observed behavior.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".