Experimental study on convection characteristics of crushed-rock layer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research on the measurement of micro wind-velocity and the airflow characteristics in the crushed-rock layer, which is caused by temperature difference, has long been problematic. For the first time, this study obtains the airflow characteristics in a crushed-rock layer by using high-precision micro wind-velocity detectors. Based on the experimental results, this study verifies the theory that the crushed-rock layer is available for convection heat exchange of porous media in a limited space. In boundary temperature fluctuations conditions, the cooling process is closely related to the natural convection process in the crushed-rock layer, and cooling occurs rapidly during the convection heat transfer process. The warming process, which occurs by heat conduction, happens gradually over a relatively long period of time, resulting in asymmetrical temperature change. The convection process exists only in the increasing and decreasing cooling stages of the entire cooling stage. The temperature difference between the top and the bottom in the crushed-rock layer is a key factor for the occurrence of convection and its intensity, although the air temperature changes also have an effect on the natural convection process in the increasing and decreasing cooling stages. Pore-air natural convection velocity increase is related to the increase in the temperature difference. Due to the different temperature and the penetration resistance of the crushed-rock layer, the velocity rapidly decreases in the depth direction, and there exits a delay phenomenon, so better cooling effect is in accordance with an optimal thickness of the crushed-rock layer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".