Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Nitrotyrosine in Mice With Radiation-Induced Lung Damage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if radiation-induced lung damage is associated with induction of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) II and nitrotyrosine in an irradiated lung mouse model. The thorax of BALBc mice were exposed to 14 Gy radiation (experimental) or no radiation (control) and killed after at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours; 3, 15, and 30 days; and 3 and 6 months after treatment. Lung sections were processed for immunohistochemistry using NOS II and nitrotyrosine polyclonal antisera and in situ hybridization using 35S labeled probes for mouse NOS II. Quantitative analysis of experimental and control sections showed significant induction of NOS II and nitrotyrosine in alveolar macrophages from 6 hours to 30 days postirradiation, which was diminished by 3 months. The airway and alveolar epithelium and vascular endothelium showed strong NOS II expression at 15 to 30 days postirradiation. Nitrotyrosine immunostaining was also strongly evident in the alveolar epithelium and vascular endothelium during this period. There was little or no NOS II or nitrotyrosine in the sham control lungs throughout the study. These findings demonstrate increased formation of both NO and nitrotyrosine after radiation treatment and suggest a role for these molecules in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung damage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".